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| The 13th international Exhibition of Magnetic Materials |
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Rare earth permanent magnet motor (permanent magnet synchronous motor) for its small size, simple structure, fast dynamic response, high efficiency and energy saving, has been applied in many industries. In this paper, energy-saving permanent magnet synchronous motor studies, the establishment of a detailed energy data and acquisition data recovery, find permanent magnet synchronous motor on the elevator energy saving effect is very obvious, not only short-term transformation of the cost can be recovered, and energy-saving effect of far-reaching.
Refers to the so-called permanent magnet synchronous motor using permanent magnets instead of energized coil excitation of the motor. As the permanent magnet motor is the permanent magnet rotor, so the development of permanent magnet motor and permanent magnet materials development are inseparable. Although many prior studies on the permanent magnet motor, but not until 1983, Nd-Fe-boron (NdFeB) the emergence of permanent magnet motor that makes a real attention by people, it makes a real permanent magnet motor to be used by all walks of life. Rare earth resources China is a big country, the current detection of rare earth reserves account for 85% of the world's total, in the study of magnetic materials in high magnetic field has a unique advantage, which the permanent magnet motor for our research and development has laid a solid foundation.
Currently used in engineering induction servo motors are asynchronous motors (Induction Motor) and permanent magnet synchronous motor (Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Motor) two. As the permanent magnet AC servo system fluctuations in the torque, speed range, efficiency loss and has significant advantages, with the substantial increase in performance permanent magnetic materials and lower prices, in the field of industrial automation applications will be more widely [1]. Permanent magnet synchronous motor over induction asynchronous motor has the following advantages:
(1) permanent magnet synchronous motor structure is simple, light weight, small size, wider range of applications. For example, the induction motor 10Kw weight of 220kg, while the permanent magnet motor is only 92kg, equivalent to 45.8% of the weight of the asynchronous motor.
(2) permanent magnet rotor of permanent magnet synchronous motor without excitation, thus reducing the stator current and stator resistance loss, the motor efficiency.
(3) permanent magnet synchronous motor with low inertia, torque must, fast response, that is, torque / inertia ratio, no rotor losses and heat generation, energy efficiency high.
(4) With the new Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic materials of large-scale use, making the remainder of the rotor permanent magnet flux density, coercivity, maximum energy product such performance has been greatly improved in improving motor performance while reducing motor volume. With the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet materials development, the application of permanent magnet synchronous motor will be more extensive.
Three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is started eddy current, synchronous operation, to achieve a rare earth permanent magnet of the rotor, so the non-slip, non-electric excitation, no fundamental rotor iron, copper loss. Rotor permanent magnet excitation, no reactive excitation current, power factor, reduce reactive power, stator current sharp decline, the stator copper consumption greatly reduced, efficiency improved significantly.
As the permanent magnet motor pole arc coefficient is greater than the pole arc coefficient of induction motor, when a certain voltage and the stator structure, the synchronous motor, the average magnetic flux density smaller than the induction motor, iron loss is small.
Because of the constant loss of a small permanent magnet motor, induction motor variable loss than low, so that characteristics can be efficient in 20% to 120% rated load range showing high level, energy-saving effect is obvious.
Then the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the elevator industry, energy situation what?
As we all know, the elevator is a modern building one of the largest electrical equipment. U.S. and Hong Kong authorities to provide the statistical data show that power to lift the total building energy consumption accounts for 3 to 7%; According to the survey, China's only three-star hotels, two air-conditioning and elevator power consumption accounted for the city one-third.Therefore, the study of energy saving elevator has caused concerns of the community.
Elevator energy consumption, mainly from two aspects, first, to improve mechanical drive and electric drive systems. If the worm gear drive transmission to non-mechanical efficiency can be increased by 15% to 25%; the AC-2 system to the VVVF (VVVF) electric drive, energy consumption can be reduced by 20% or more. Second, the potential energy using the lift load power recovery. Saving the most effective and has the potential to replace the lowest cost approach is the development and promotion of energy efficient motors. Thus, the permanent magnet synchronous motor used in elevator and replace or upgrade existing asynchronous induction motors, will achieve a good energy saving effect.
We are a company do to transform the electrical energy purchase costs and instances of recovery experiments, obtained the following results, energy efficiency is very impressive:
(1) The transformation of 435 units (380V, 50Hz) induction motor, for all of its permanent magnet synchronous motor, operating hours and an annual average price 0.63 yuan / KW · h, the annual total power consumption cost of 7,330,379 yuan, the transformation replacement of permanent magnet synchronous motor, the total annual cost saving of 1,869,025 yuan, the average saving rate of 25.5%.
(2) the purchase of 435 sets of permanent magnet synchronous motor the total cost of 3,264,085 yuan, the average in 1.754 years (21 months) in the recovery from the electricity savings due to significant energy savings, high return on investment.
(3) 20 years of product life-cycle basis, total electricity savings of 1,869,025 yuan × (20-1.75) = 34109706.25 yuan, energy-saving effect is very impressive.
In short, the permanent magnet synchronous motor with its particular electromagnetic structure, compared with the induction asynchronous motor, in many ways, especially in energy saving than the asynchronous induction motor has a very distinct advantage. Through the transformation of a company data show that the motor, permanent magnet synchronous motor in terms of energy saving achieved good results indeed, the whole of the next elevator industry motor industry have a very good inspiration. | |
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